In this article, we examine the role of (digital)media during the 2019 national election in India, focusing on the success of PM Narendra Modi’s campaign. We show how the media environment that was split especially along the lines of opposition to Modi in elite English-language media versus a juggernaut Modi campaign on all levels, especially on the ground and in vernacular languages and in aggressive negative social media campaigns helped Modi retains power during the 2019 Lok Sabha election.
Was the 2019 Indian election won by digital media?
